18.	POST-EMPLOYMENT BENEFITS
	Retirement benefit plans operated by the group are of both the defined benefit and defined contribution types. The cost of providing benefits under defined benefit plans is determined using the projected unit credit actuarial valuation method. Actuarial gains and losses are recognised through other comprehensive income in the period in which they occur. Remeasurements are not reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods. Past-service costs are recognised in the income statement on the earlier of: – the date of the plan amendment or curtailment; or – the date that the group recognises restructuring-related costs. The net interest cost is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net defined benefit liability or asset. The group recognises the following changes in the net defined benefit obligation in the income statements: – Service costs comprising current service costs, past service costs, gains and losses on curtailments and non-routine settlements. – Net interest cost. The defined benefit asset or liability comprises the present value of the defined benefit obligation less the fair value of plan assets out of which the obligations are to be settled. The value of any defined benefit asset recognised is limited to the present value of any economic benefits available in the form of refunds from the plan or reductions in the future contributions to the plan. The rate at which contributions are made to defined contribution funds is fixed and is recognised as an expense when employees have rendered services in exchange for those contributions. No liabilities are raised in respect of the defined contribution fund, as there is no legal or constructive obligation to pay further contributions should the fund not hold sufficient assets to pay all employee benefits relating to employee service in the current and prior periods. Contributions to all defined contribution funds are expensed in profit and loss when incurred.