5.

INTANGIBLE ASSETS

   

5.1

Goodwill

  Goodwill is initially measured at cost being the excess of the consideration paid over the fair value of the identifiable assets acquired net of the liabilities assumed of the acquired entity. Following initial recognition, goodwill is measured at cost less any accumulated impairment charges. Goodwill is allocated to the cash-generating unit (CGU) to which it relates and is reviewed for impairment annually or more frequently if changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may be impaired based on future income streams of the CGU. Where goodwill has been allocated to a CGU and part of the operation in that unit is disposed of, the goodwill associated with the disposed part of the operation is included in its carrying amount when determining the gain or loss on disposal. Goodwill disposed in these circumstances is measured based on the relative value of the disposed part of the operation and the portion of the CGU retained.
   

5.2 

Intangible assets other than goodwill

  Intangible assets represent proprietary technical information. Intangible assets acquired separately are measured at cost on initial recognition. The cost of intangible assets acquired in a business combination is fair valued as at the date of acquisition. Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at cost less any accumulated amortisation and any accumulated impairment losses. Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortised.

The useful lives of intangible assets are assessed to be either finite or indefinite. Intangible assets with finite lives are amortised over their useful life on a straight-line basis and assessed for impairment whenever there is an indication that the intangible asset may be impaired. The amortisation period varies between three and five years. The amortisation expense on intangible assets with finite lives is recognised in the income statement in the expense category consistent with the function of the intangible asset. Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortised and are subjected to annual impairment reviews.

Gains or losses arising from derecognition of an intangible asset are measured as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and are recognised in the income statement when the asset is derecognised.

Internally generated intangible assets are not capitalised and expenditure is reflected in the income statement in the year in which the expenditure is incurred.