2016  2015 
    R’000  R’000 

16

LONG-TERM PROVISIONS

   
  Environmental obligations    
  Provision against cost of decommissioning assets 6 079  6 527 
  Balance at beginning of year 6 527  3 784 
  Provisions (utilised)/raised during the year (1 400) 2 260 
  Unwinding of discount on the provision 952  483 
  Provision for cost of environmental restoration 16 696  10 588 
  Balance at beginning of year 10 588  16 110 
  Provisions raised during the year 4 563  5 627 
  Transfer between long and short-term provisions –  (11 973)
  Unwinding of discount on the provision 1 545  824 
  Leave pay –  1 318 
  Balance at beginning of year 1 318  3 488 
  Provisions (utilised)/raised during the year (1 318) 219 
  Transfer between long and short-term provisions –  (2 389)
       
  Balance at end of year 22 775  18 433 
       
  The inflation rates applied to estimate costs used in the discounted cash flow to determine the provision for environmental restoration vary between 8,79% and 10,75% (2015: 6,05% and 8,10%) and the nominal discount rates vary between 8,79% and 10,75% (2015: 6,05% and 8,10%).