2016	2015
			R’000	R’000
23	PROFIT BEFORE TAXATION
	Profit before tax is stated after taking into account the following items of income and expenditure:
	Income
	Foreign exchange gains		295	1 503
	– realised		155	931
	– unrealised		140	572
	Relief realised on disposal of subsidiary (refer note 34.3)		8 578	–
	Expenditure
	Amortisation of intangible assets (refer note 3)		180	180
	Cost of inventories written down (refer note 6)		3 686	236
	Depreciation and impairment charges of property, plant and equipment (refer note 2)		68 446	404 003
	Depreciation		27 075	38 930
	– land and buildings		2 487	1 316
	– plant, machinery and equipment		3 622	10 839
	– vehicles		4 904	1 988
	– furniture, fittings and office equipment		10 912	16 143
	– prospecting, exploration, mine development and decommissioning assets		5 150	8 644
	Impairment arising at year-end on review of carrying values (refer note 2)		41 371	365 073
	Impairment of goodwill		24 315	–
	Impairment of trade and other receivables (refer note 34.3)		21 382	–
	Foreign exchange losses		–	43
	– realised		–	25
	– unrealised		–	18
	Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment		5	1 264
	Operating lease expenses		828	707
	Professional fees		21 552	22 687
	Secretarial fees		445	569
	Information technology costs		30 148	21 406
	Staff costs
	– salaries and wages (including executive directors’ emoluments)		261 801	254 351
	– pension fund costs (refer note 35)		29 934	28 562
	– contributions to medical aid funds		5 362	4 898